turns on various assertion checks. this is a debugging aid. if you are experiencing strange problems or crashes you might want to turn this on, as it might expose programming mistakes. to use this option, the macro use_assert_checking must be defined when postgresql is built (accomplished by the configure option --enable-cassert). note that debug_assertions defaults to on if postgresql has been built with assertions enabled.

if nonzero, a delay of this many seconds occurs just after a new server process is forked, before it conducts the authentication process. this is intended to give an opportunity to attach to the server process with a debugger to trace down misbehavior in authentication.

generates a great amount of debugging output for the listen and notify commands. client_min_messages or log_min_messages must be debug1 or lower to send this output to the client or server log, respectively.

if on, emit information about resource usage during sort operations. this option is only available if the trace_sort macro was defined when postgresql was compiled. (however, trace_sort is currently defined by default.)

various other code tracing and debugging options.

if on, emit wal-related debugging output. this option is only available if the wal_debug macro was defined when postgresql was compiled.

detection of a damaged page header normally causes postgresql to report an error, aborting the current command. setting zero_damaged_pages to on causes the system to instead report a warning, zero out the damaged page, and continue processing. this behavior will destroy data, namely all the rows on the damaged page. but it allows you to get past the error and retrieve rows from any undamaged pages that may be present in the table. so it is useful for recovering data if corruption has occurred due to hardware or software error. you should generally not set this on until you have given up hope of recovering data from the damaged page(s) of a table. the default setting is off, and it can only be changed by a superuser.